Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory

Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory was established in 1913 by Finnish Academy of Science and Letters to perform geophysical measurements and research based on the observation results. Measurements of the Earth's magnetic field began on 1st January 1914. On 1st August 1997, the observatory became an independent research department of the University of Oulu. SGO performs continuous measurements of the Earth's magnetic field, cosmic radio noise, seismic activities, and cosmic rays. The observatory operates two ionospheric radars and plays an active role in the scientific and technical research related to the EISCAT incoherent scatter radar system.